Renato Fabiano Matheus - Ciência e tecnologia

Ciência e tecnologia
Science: Current Issue
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This Week in Science A Drop in the Ocean \| Monitoring Meiosis \| Nailing Down the Superfluid Transition \| Probing Pulsar Rotation \| Monsoon Forcing \| An Iron Hand for Silicon \| Girl Power \| Mystery of an Unextreme Microbe \| Heat or Acid? \| Immune Sentinels \| Nature or Drug Abuse? \| Natural Resistance \| Lineage Identity Editors' Choice Astronomy: A Comet Dates Jupiter \| Sociology: I Liked You From the Start \| Genetics: Wrapped Up Right \| Climate Science: Here's Looking at You \| Cell Biology: Push Me Pull You \| Chemistry: Sacrifices at the Surface \| Education: Science Illustrated Findings CDC Finds No Physical Cause for Mysterious Disease \| A Volcanic Trigger for Europe's Little Ice Age [Editorial] The Global Knowledge Society Author: Nina V. Fedoroff [News of the Week] Around the World In science news around the world this week, an Italian official will also be a defendant in the earthquake trial, Japanese experts have questioned the safety ofâ€”and need forâ€”nuclear power, biodiversity in the Andes is threatened, and Nobelists are lobbying for a gigantic neutrino experiment. [News of the Week] Random Samples Thomas Edison is still number one when it comes to invention. Researchers think they know why the male orb-web spider will often voluntarily break off his whole sex organ while it's still lodged in the female's abdomen: It continues to transfer sperm into the female long after the male has fled or been consumed. A British seismologist has a geologic twist on the classic nightstand "word-a-day" calendar: the daily rock. And this week's numbers quantify the price offered for DNA sequencing company Illumina and the percentage of plant collectors who have found more than 50% of the world's known species. [News of the Week] Newsmakers This week's Newsmakers are Janet Rowley of the University of Chicago, Brian Druker of the Oregon Health & Science University, Nicholas Lydon of Blueprint Medicines, and Masato Sagawa of Intermetallics Co., winners of the Japan Prizes; Scott Doney, whose nomination to be chief scientist of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has been withdrawn by the White House; Johannes Vogel, an expert on fern genetics, who took over as director of Berlin's Natural History Museum this week; and Paul Alivisatos of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Charles Lieber of Harvard University, Jacob Bekenstein of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ronald Evans of the Salk Institute, Michael Aschbacher of the California Institute of Technology, and Luis Caffarelli of the University of Texas, Austin, winners of the Wolf Prizes. [News & Analysis] Avian Influenza: The Limits of Avian Flu Studies in Ferrets How concerned should people be that what happened in the controversial experiments that exposed ferrets to H5N1 avian influenza viruses engineered to be more transmissible will apply to humans? Author: Jon Cohen [News & Analysis] Cell Biology: Donation Spurs a Cell Observatoryâ€”And Bigger Plans The Broad Institute received a $32.5 million gift last week to take on one of the biggest challenges in biology: mapping the molecular "circuitry" inside several kinds of mammalian cells. Author: Jocelyn Kaiser [News & Analysis] Astronomy: Celebrated Exoplanet Vanishes in a Cloud of Dustâ€”Or Maybe Not Last week, Fomalhaut b, an exoplanet that once enjoyed celebrity status, faced an identity crisis after astronomers failed to spot it in a new round of observations. Author: Yudhijit Bhattacharjee [News Focus] Genomics: China's Sequencing Powerhouse Comes of Age With new sequencing centers in Europe and the United States, BGI hopes its growing clout will help deliver the benefits promised by genomicsâ€”and revenue to pay off a mounting debt. Author: Dennis Normile [News Focus] Ecology: Rebuilding Wetlands by Managing the Muddy Mississippi When spillways were opened to divert the flooding Mississippi last spring, scientists studying the waters sought data that might help restore the river's eroding delta. Author: Carolyn Gramling [News Focus] Oil Resources: Technology Is Turning U.S. Oil Around But Not the World's The high price of oil is driving technological innovation that has reversed the decline in U.S. oil production, but the world will increasingly depend on OPEC and â€œnon-oilâ€ oil. Author: Richard A. Kerr [Special Feature] 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge: 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge Author: Colin Norman [Special Feature] 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge: Photography Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner, an honorable mention, and the "People's Choice" in the Photography category in the 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. [Special Feature] 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge: Illustration Science and the National Science Foundation announce three honorable mentions and the "People's Choice" in the Illustration category in the 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. [Special Feature] 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge: Informational Posters & Graphics Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner, an honorable mention, and the "People's Choice" in the Informational Posters & Graphics category in the 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. [Special Feature] 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge: Interactive Games Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner, three honorable mentions, and the "People's Choice" in the Interactive Games category in the 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. [Special Feature] 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge: Video Science and the National Science Foundation announce the winner, two honorable mentions, and the "People's Choice" in the Video category in the 2011 International Science & Engineering Visualization Challenge. [Letter] Investing in Libya's Education Author: Sema K. Sgaier [Letter] Invasive Species Unchecked by Climate Author: Philip E. Hulme [Letter] Invasive Species Unchecked by Climateâ€”Response Authors: Michael T. Burrows, David S. Schoeman, Carlos M. Duarte, Mary I. O'Connor, Lauren B. Buckley, Carrie V. Kappel, Camille Parmesan, Benjamin S. Halpern, Chris Brown, Keith M. Brander, John F. Bruno, John M. Pandolfi, William J. Sydeman, Pippa Moore, Wolfgang Kiessling, Anthony J. Richardson, Elvira S. Poloczanska [Correction] Corrections and Clarifications [Technical Comment] Comment on â€œAbiotic Pyrite Formation Produces a Large Fe Isotope Fractionationâ€ Authors: Andrew D. Czaja, Clark M. Johnson, Kosei E. Yamaguchi, Brian L. Beard [Technical Response] Response to Comment on â€œAbiotic Pyrite Formation Produces a Large Fe Isotope Fractionationâ€ Authors: Romain Guilbaud, Ian B. Butler, Rob M. Ellam [Letter] Proceed with Planning Despite Multiple Models Author: Robert Dickinson [Book Review] Have We â€œMet the Enemyâ€? Guillemin describes the aftermath of and investigation into the fall 2001 anthrax letters. Author: David A. Relman [Book Review] When Do Incentives Corrupt? Analyzing incentives in terms of power rather than as trades, Grant concludes that their use to further desired social and political goals raises some ethical concerns. Author: Tyler Cowen [Books et al.] Books Received A listing of books received at Science during the week ending 27 January 2012. [Policy Forum] Scientific Publications: Coercive Citation in Academic Publishing Many journal editors appear to strategically target authors and papers to pressure them into citing the editors' journals. Authors: Allen W. Wilhite, Eric A. Fong [Perspective] Economics: Ready, Steady, Compete Women's willingness to compete can be increased through appropriate affirmative action. Author: Marie Claire Villeval [Perspective] Evolution: Surviving in a Toxic World Natural variations in a single gene of wild C. elegans populations confer resistance to the bacterial toxin avermectin. Author: Adrian J. Wolstenholme [Perspective] Neuroscience: To Stop or Not to Stop? Does chronic drug abuse cause brain abnormalities, or do they develop before the onset of dependence? Authors: Nora D. Volkow, Ruben D. Baler [Perspective] Climate Change: Marching in Near Lock-Step A cave record from Peru closely matches climate patterns seen in cores from Greenland and the North Atlantic Ocean. Author: Donald T. Rodbell [Perspective] Physics: Seeing the Superfluid Transition of a Gas The universal thermodynamic functions of a superfluid formed from a fermion gas of strongly interacting lithium atoms have been measured precisely. Author: Wilhelm Zwerger [Brevia] Nanoscopy in a Living Mouse Brain Super high-resolution microscopy resolves neuron dynamics in the cerebral cortex of a living mouse. Authors: Sebastian Berning, Katrin I. Willig, Heinz Steffens, Payam Dibaj, Stefan W. Hell [Research Article] High-Resolution View of the Yeast Meiotic Program Revealed by Ribosome Profiling During yeast sporulation, the production of most proteins is tightly regulated by both messenger RNA levels and translational control. Authors: Gloria A. Brar, Moran Yassour, Nir Friedman, Aviv Regev, Nicholas T. Ingolia, Jonathan S. Weissman [Research Article] The Southern Oceanâ€™s Role in Carbon Exchange During the Last Deglaciation Radiocarbon measurements of deep-sea corals reveal the presence of old, carbon-rich water in the Southern Ocean. Authors: Andrea Burke, Laura F. Robinson [Report] Spin-Down of Radio Millisecond Pulsars at Genesis Numerical calculations show that processes responsible for spinning up millisecond pulsars may also lead them to slow down. Author: Thomas M. Tauris [Report] Revealing the Superfluid Lambda Transition in the Universal Thermodynamics of a Unitary Fermi Gas Thermodynamic quantities for the superfluid transition of a strongly interacting atomic Fermi gas were measured. Authors: Mark J. H. Ku, Ariel T. Sommer, Lawrence W. Cheuk, Martin W. Zwierlein [Report] Iron Catalysts for Selective Anti-Markovnikov Alkene Hydrosilylation Using Tertiary Silanes Iron catalysts offer a potentially cheaper route than platinum for certain commercially useful carbon-silicon compounds. Authors: Aaron M. Tondreau, Crisita Carmen Hojilla Atienza, Keith J. Weller, Susan A. Nye, Kenrick M. Lewis, Johannes G. P. Delis, Paul J. Chirik [Report] High-Latitude Forcing of the South American Summer Monsoon During the Last Glacial High-latitude processes in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres both influence the South American Summer Monsoon. Authors: Lisa C. Kanner, Stephen J. Burns, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards [Report] Natural Variation in a Chloride Channel Subunit Confers Avermectin Resistance in C. elegans Resistance to avermectin, an anti-nematode drug, is conferred by a deletion in a glutamate-gated chloride channel. Authors: Rajarshi Ghosh, Erik C. Andersen, Joshua A. Shapiro, Justin P. Gerke, Leonid Kruglyak [Report] Affirmative Action Policies Promote Women and Do Not Harm Efficiency in the Laboratory Increasing the representation of competition-averse individuals does not alter overall output. Authors: Loukas Balafoutas, Matthias Sutter [Report] Female Leadership Raises Aspirations and Educational Attainment for Girls: A Policy Experiment in India The effects of female leaders on girls occur via policy changes in the short run and parental aspirations in the longer run. Authors: Lori Beaman, Esther Duflo, Rohini Pande, Petia Topalova [Report] Untangling Genomes from Metagenomes: Revealing an Uncultured Class of Marine Euryarchaeota Reconstruction of whole genomes from a complex microbial community has revealed an evolutionary surprise. Authors: Vaughn Iverson, Robert M. Morris, Christian D. Frazar, Chris T. Berthiaume, Rhonda L. Morales, E. Virginia Armbrust [Report] Sequential Signaling Crosstalk Regulates Endomesoderm Segregation in Sea Urchin Embryos Separation of deuterostome endoderm and mesoderm occurs through sequential interactions between Notch and Wnt signaling. Authors: Aditya J. Sethi, Radhika M. Wikramanayake, Robert C. Angerer, Ryan C. Range, Lynne M. Angerer [Report] Growth of Western Australian Corals in the Anthropocene Cores taken from massive corals indicate that temperature rather than ocean acidification has governed reef growth. Authors: Timothy F. Cooper, Rebecca A. O'Leary, Janice M. Lough [Report] Innate Response Activator B Cells Protect Against Microbial Sepsis A specialized population of B lymphocytes is important for controlling bacterial infections and preventing sepsis. Authors: Philipp J. Rauch, Aleksey Chudnovskiy, Clinton S. Robbins, Georg F. Weber, Martin Etzrodt, Ingo Hilgendorf, Elizabeth Tiglao, Jose-Luiz Figueiredo, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Igor Theurl, Rostic Gorbatov, Michael T. Waring, Adam T. Chicoine, Majd Mouded, Mikael J. Pittet, Matthias Nahrendorf, Ralph Weissleder, Filip K. Swirski [Report] Abnormal Brain Structure Implicated in Stimulant Drug Addiction A neurological marker of addiction vulnerability occurs in sibling pairs who do not take drugs. Authors: Karen D. Ersche, P. Simon Jones, Guy B. Williams, Abigail J Turton, Trevor W. Robbins, Edward T. Bullmore New Products A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers. [Podcast] Science Podcast The show includes how corals respond to climate change, inherited factors for drug addiction, 2011 Visualization Challenge winners, and more.